I kind of figured it was to increase surface area for bacteria growth, but when do you know if you need them...I have a 37g tank with and Eclipse3 filter (has a bio-wheel on it). The tank has 2 parrots (1 is 5" the other 3"), 2 half dollar size angels, a 5" irrodescent shark which will be finding a new home fairly soon, and a small red gourami.