a 55 gallon is a good home for a single oscar as an adult, but that's about it.
the 30 gallon would allow you to grow him out a bit if you would like to keep him in there until you set-up your 55 gallon.
they grow VERY quickly for the first several months, but then taper-off sharply afterwards.
as far as the 55 gallon only being 12 inches wide:
some people say to go for the 75 gallon, some the 55 gallon.
i think that a 55 gallon is ok as long as the oscar is ALONE and water changes are done regularly.
www.oscarfish.com - great oscar site, check it out.