the ugf is basically biological. the bacteria in the substrate will eat the waste in the substrate thus making your tank clearer and cleaner. the ugf works by air and is efficient if set up correctly. to be successfull the substrate must have enough bacteria.(a cycled tank)(it can be more successfull after a while).
None. UGF's usually just trap debris under them. Unless of course it is a reverse flow, then it pushes all the debris out into the water where another filter might be able to filter the gunk out of the water.
Depending on the amount of debris under the ugf, the water will become very dirty.
Do some water changes and wash out the filter pad 'cuase it's gonna get gunked up.