Hello; I have seen the threads and posts criticizing undergravel filters (UGF) since visiting these online forums. I started out using the UGF in 1959 and have several decades of experience with them. They work and I have had good results with them. I now run an additional hang on back(hob) with removable media with the UGF most of the time, but have run them alone many times. I have run tanks without them as well for the last couple of decades.
I suspect many feel they are old technology and perhaps dislike them for that reason. I have read posts that say the UGF are hard to clean which I do not unsderstand, as in my experience they do not require cleaning. Once installed under the substrate they are maintance free in my use.
With a secondary hob and cleaning during water changes the tanks can be kept mostly free of unsightly detritus which the UGF will not remove.
The UGF is extremely reliable and they use to be fairly cheap compared to other filters. I run mine with air, but have read of power heads being used. I do replace air pumps from time to time. The UGF have only needed to be replaced due to my breaking them with hancling or the plastic becoming brittle over many years. The air bubbles create a flow and break up the surface film as well.
In another forum I commented on a similar question and another old hand mentioned running a UGF with a layer of bonded filter material directly on the filter plate with substrate over that. This apparently provides a greater surface area for bacteria and keeps the fine material in the substrate from getting under the filter plate. I intend to try this at some point.
I recently made a new setup and pulled an old UGF from a box and installed it in a 29 gallon tank. I put four to five inches of roughly bb sized gravel over it. I plan to look for any problems with the use of it and invite those who do not like the UGF to post the issues I need to be on the look out for.
I suspect the UGF will operate well without problems as they did for me over many years when I first used them.